Under the scheme of Criminal Procedure Code, non-cognizable offences are private wrongs.
Cognizable offences are considered to be public wrongs and hence, require strict and stringent action to be taken by the State, whereas non-cognizable offences are considered to be private wrongs and so their prosecution is left to be initiated by the private person against whom such harm has been inflicted upon.
Section 2(1) defines non-cognizable offence as: “non-cognizable offence” means an offence for which, and “non-cognizable case” means a case in which, a police officer has no authority to arrest without warrant.